Endocrine Abstracts

Receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) have been identified in endothelial cells derived from micro- and macrovessels. The insulin receptor in endothelial cells is structurally similar to that in other cell types and activation of its receptor tyrosine kinase leads to phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1. In endothelial cells, insulin mediated activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), Akt (protein kinase B)and the mitogen-activated ...